Från Werner (2014), en lustig metod:
An empirical test is conducted, whereby money is borrowed from a cooperating bank, while its internal records are being monitored, to establish whether in the process of making the loan available to the borrower, the bank transfers these funds from other accounts within or outside the bank, or whether they are newly created. This study establishes for the first time empirically that banks individually create money out of nothing.

Werner, Richard A. 2014. "Can Banks Individually Create Money out of Nothing? — the Theories and the Empirical Evidence." International Review of Financial Analysis 36:1-19.