the single most important predictor of the demise of populism is its own rise to prominence. Voters falling for populists in Europe and Latin America in any current elections are more likely to abstain from the political extremes in the following ones, and vice versa.
Ur Stankov, P. "The Political Economy of Populism: An Empirical Investigation". COMPARATIVE ECONOMIC STUDIES 60, nr 2 (juni 2018): 230–53.