Vad är sambandet mellan länders urbaniseringsgrad och befolkningens hälsa? En ny studie har undersökt frågan. Ur abstract:

the present study examined the impact of urbanization on health outcomes by considering 204 countries from 1960 to 2021. We measured urbanization by considering three proxy variables; total urban population, percentage of the urban population, and percentage of the population living in million-plus agglomerations.

Overall estimated results suggested a negative effect on the fertility rate and a positive impact on life expectancy at birth due to urbanization. A mixed impact of urbanization was perceived on the infant mortality rate.

[...]

The Granger causality test indicated that the relationship between urbanization and health outcomes is bidirectional. The panel cointegration test suggested that there is a long-run relationship between them. Order logit regression results suggested that the impact of urbanization on health outcomes may vary with the different stages of development a country is experiencing. The results indicate that well managed urbanization is beneficial for achieving higher health outcomes.

Källa: Tripathi, Sabyasachi, och Moinak Maiti. "Does Urbanization Improve Health Outcomes: A Cross Country Level Analysis". Asia-Pacific Journal of Regional Science 7, nr 1 (mars 2023): 277–316.